Ishige okamurae Extract: Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol with Effect of Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Inflammation

Ishigeokamurae Yendo 1907, Fucaceae, a brown alga, has garnered attention for its antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-edema properties. While numerous studies have explored the effects of a 95% ethanol extract of I. okamurae, limited research has been conducted on its 70% ethanol extract. This study focuses on diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, a bioactive compound identified in the 70% ethanol extract of I. okamurae. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol has garnered significant interest due to its potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties. We investigate the impact of the 70% ethanol extract of I. okamurae and diphlorethohydroxycarmalol on atopic dermatitis using human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT) and atopic dermatitis mouse models induced by dinitrochlorobenzene and house dust mite. Treatment with extract of I. okamurae effectively reduced dinitrochlorobenzene/house dust mite -induced ear edema, ear thickness, mast cell infiltration, as well as levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) E, IgG1, IgG2a, cytokines, and chemokines in atopic dermatitis mice. In HaCaT cells, extract of I. okamurae also suppressed TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma-induced cytokine and chemokine production. To further understand the anti-atopic and anti-inflammatory properties of extract of I. okamurae, we evaluated the effects of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol on atopic dermatitis mice and HaCaT cells. In atopic dermatitis mice, diphlorethohydroxycarmalol demonstrated the ability to reduce the inflammatory response induced by TNF-alpha/IFN-gamma. These findings highlight the potential of extract of I. okamurae as an anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory skin disorders and suggest that diphlorethohydroxycarmalol may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.