Effects of In Vitro Digestion of Polyphenols from Coffee on Binding Parameters to Human Topoisomerase II a

Type II topoisomerase (TOPII) is an enzyme that influences the topology of DNA. DNA breaks generated by TOPII may result in mutagenic or cytotoxic changes in cancer cells. In this study, we characterized interactions of TOPIIa with coffee extracts and individual chlorogenic acids (CHAs) from the extracts by performing isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and molecular docking (MD) simulations. The study showed that the highest affinity to TOPIIa was found in green coffee (?G = -38.23 kJ/mol) and monochlorogenic acids fraction of coffee extracts (?G = -35.80 kJ/mol), resulting from the high content of polyphenols, such as CHAs, which can bind to the enzyme in the active site. Coffee extracts and their fractions maintained a high affinity for TOPIIa after simulated digestion in the presence of probiotic bacteria. It can be concluded that coffee may be a potential TOPIIa inhibitor considered as a functional food for cancer prevention.