Cybersecurity in process control, operations, and supply chain

With the integration of computation, networking, and physical process components to seamlessly combine hardware and software resources to improve process efficiency, cybersecurity has become increasingly important for reliable process control, process operation, and supply chain management in the chemical process industries. This paper provides an overview of recent works on cybersecurity issues in the area of process control, process operation and supply chain. We start with an overview of recent cyber-attack detection and mitigation works via machine learning (ML) and model predictive control (MPC) to detect and handle intelligent cyber-attacks. Several most common intelligent cyber-attacks in industrial control systems are first presented, followed by machine learning detection methods and resilient control strategies with encryption- decryption tools to achieve secure communication in the sensor-controller and controller-actuator links. Novel control architectures with inherent robustness to prevent cyber-attacks are then presented. We continue with an overview of cybersecurity issues in process operations and supply chains as well as the interface between information technology and operational technology. Finally, we discuss recent efforts on the interface of cybersecurity and process safety and conclude with a discussion of open issues in this emerging research field.