Percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes based on body mass index: A 5-year retrospective study in an Indonesian tertiary hospital

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) outcomes and complications for nephrolithiasis. Patients and methods: Patients with a history of PCNL surgery from 2012 to 2017 in Dr. Soetomo General-Academic Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were then categorized into four groups: underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)), normal (BMI 18.5 to 24.99 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI > 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m(2)). The association between BMI, subjects' characteristics, length of stay, stone-free rate (SFR), and complications were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and univariate logistic regression. Results: The study included 430 male patients (58%) and 310 female patients (42%). They were classified based on their BMI into underweight (n = 5, 1%), normal weight (n = 291, 39%), overweight (n = 271, 37%), and obese (n = 173, 23%) groups. The underweight BMI group had a higher average blood loss (p=0.002) compared to the other groups; however, the univariate logistic regression showed that BMI had no significant effect on SFR (p=0.491). Conclusion: PCNL is safe and feasible to be performed in patients with different BMI as obesity has no impact on the outcomes and complications associated with PCNL.