Planar MIMO antenna for mmWave applications: Evolution, present status & future scope

被引:14
|
作者
Shariff, B. G. Parveez [1 ]
Mane, Pallavi R. [1 ]
Kumar, Pradeep [2 ]
Ali, Tanweer [1 ]
Alsath, M. Gulam Nabi [3 ]
机构
[1] Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Manipal 576104, India
[2] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Elect Elect & Comp Engn, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa
[3] Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar Coll Engn, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Chennai 603110, India
关键词
mmWave; MIMO antenna; Slot antenna; DGS; EBG-Based antenna; Vivaldi antenna; Metamaterial; CIRCULARLY-POLARIZED ANTENNA; MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA; HIGH-GAIN; BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT; ARRAY ANTENNA; SLOT ANTENNA; LOSS MODELS; 28; GHZ; WAVE; METAMATERIAL;
D O I
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13362
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The increased traffic in e-commerce, cloud-based processing, social media, and online video streaming demands higher data rates. The current 4G has reached the bottleneck, due to which it may not be able to fulfill the high data demand, so the focus is drifting toward millimeter wave (mmWave). The mmWave spectrum ranging from 30 to 300 GHz offers wide bandwidth with low latency, which finds its application in various communication fields, including 5G cellular. Despite its atmospheric attenuation and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation, most countries are currently adopting mmWave 5G at the 28/38 GHz band due to less atmospheric attenuation, low path loss exponent, and low signal spread at these bands. The single-element patch antenna is a compact solution for mmWave applications, but its performance is inferior in terms of bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency. The array antennas have overcome these demerits, as it has shown a significant increase in bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency. Still, it has a limitation on data rate support. As a result, Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology can increase the data rate to 1000 times through spatial diversity and multiplexing techniques. So, to refine the performance further, there is a need to comprehend the MIMO antenna structures designed so far at mmWave. This paper presents the planar MIMO antenna structures developed so far, catego-rized here as slot, coplanar waveguide, defected ground structures, tapered/Vivaldi, meta-surface/metamaterial, dielectric resonator, and flexible antennas. The performance of these de-signs is compared based on bandwidth, gain, isolation, efficiency, and radiation pattern. This article also discusses the effects of slots, partial ground, and decoupling structures on impedance matching, bandwidth, and isolation levels. Also, a thorough discussion of the design issues and future work to be undertaken is discussed in this here.
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页数:32
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