Optimal Heartbeat Energy Harvesting using Electrostatic Energy Harvesters

Microelectromechanical system of electrostatic energy harvesters is modeled using a nonlinear state-space approach in this research. The analytical models of in-plane overlap, in-plane gap closing, and their compound structures are used to analyze the energy harvesting performance from heartbeats-generated vibrations. The detailed models of both electrical and mechanical subsystems including stopper function, motion drag, parasitic capacitors, and energy converter capacitors are developed in the format of state-space equations. To reach the optimal heartbeat energy harvesting, typical 1D harvesters are developed and allowed to move in x-y and x-y-z directions. Accordingly, the optimal harvester combines the features of in-plane overlap and in-plane gap closing energy conversions, and so allows efficient absorption of energy released by heartbeat in different directions. This 3D feature gives a considerable rise to power generation to 35.038 & mu;w at the same size compared to the new rate of the in-plane overlap or in-plane gap-closing electrostatic harvesters individually. Microelectromechanical system of electrostatic energy harvesters is modeled using a nonlinear state-space approach. Comprehensive models of 1D, 2D, and 3D electrostatic energy harvesters are developed in state-space equation forms to simulate the performance of different electrostatic energy harvesters under heartbeat excitation. This 3D feature gives a considerable rise to power generation.image & COPY; 2023 WILEY-VCH GmbH