Pattern and associated factors of cognitive failures in the general chinese population during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide has caused a high burden of mental problems, which may be associated with subjective cognitive impairment in the general population. Objectives: This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the level and pattern of cognitive failure (CF) and its negative changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among the general population in China. Methods: The participants completed an online questionnaire between April 18 and May 4, 2020, and those aged between 18 and 70 were included in this study. CF was measured using the 14-item CF Questionnaire (CFQ-14). Factors associated with CF and negative changes in CF were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. A total of 30,879 eligible participants were recruited; most were female (59.10%) and aged 31-45 (61.51%). Results: The mean CFQ-14 score was 15.62 (standard deviation = 11.55), and 4,619 (14.96%) participants reported negative changes in CF during the pandemic. Multiple regression analyses showed that participants with female gender, history of physical and mental disease, the self-perceived influence of COVID-19, altered appetite and taste preference, worse interpersonal relationships, long sleep duration, poor sleep quality, depressive, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms had a higher level of CF and negative CF changes, while regular exercise was associated with a lower risk of both outcomes. Conclusions: This study indicates that CF symptoms should be monitored in the general population during pandemics. A healthy lifestyle and reduction in psychological stress could help promote normal cognitive function during pandemics.