Voids and haloes-in-voids statistics as a probe of the expansion history of the Universe

Structures in the Universe are arranged into the cosmic web. Distributions, statistics, and evolutions of the structures can be used as probes for cosmological models. We investigate the number density of voids and dark matter haloes-in-voids in the excursion set theory (EST). We study the Markov and non-Markov frameworks of EST in both spherical and ellipsoidal collapse models. Afterward, we compare the number density of voids and haloes-in-voids in the standard lambda cold dark matter and the reconstructed model. The reconstructed model is a model-independent reconstruction based on background observations. This work explores the effects of the collapse model barrier in the different EST frameworks on the statistics of voids and the statistics of haloes-in-voids. Finally, we find the hint that cosmological models can be distinguished by the number density of haloes-in-voids in the 1.0-2.5 redshift range. The maximum difference is observed in z similar to 1.9.