Exploring the XIST axis as oxidative stress-related signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective In the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), oxidative stress (OS) plays an complex role; nevertheless, few investigations have indicated a ceRNA-based mechanism involved. The aim of this study was to explore the ceRNA regulation mechanism of oxidative stress in SLE and provide new therapeutic targets for SLE. Methods Three datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to obtain differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs (DElncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and DEmRNAs). Functional analysis was explored and a triple ceRNA network was built. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to find optimal signatures. The sensitivity and specificity of the signatures were examined and validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to investigate immune infiltration features. Moreover, the hub mRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results 42 DEmRNAs were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that the DEmRNAs were primarily concentrated in neutrophil-associated biological processes. The ROC curve found FOS and MME provided potential biomarkers for identifying SLE patients. And the XIST/FOS and XIST/MME axes were identified the possible OS-related regulatory pathway in SLE. Immune infiltration showed that resting memory CD4 T cells presented a lower level. Conclusion This study constructed the ceRNA-based XIST/FOS and XIST/MME axes as prospective OS-related signatures for SLE. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of SLE and shed a novel light on therapeutic strategies.