Porous Tubular Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Structures of Small Diameter Blood Vessels

A technology for the formation of porous tubular polymer scaffolds (PTPS) made of polycaprolactone (PCL) with the necessary physical and mechanical characteristics (Young's modulus of 5.5 +/- 1.1 MPa, tensile strength of 10.9 +/- 1.6 N, and maximum elongation 477 +/- 38%) has been developed. Samples obtained by electrospinning from 2 mL of a 10% PCL solution in dichloromethane (voltage between electrodes of 25 kV, solution delivery rate of 4 mL/h, distance to the collector of 100 mm, rotation speed of the substrate rod of 1000 rpm) showed a minimum surgical permeability of 30.4 +/- 1.5 mL/(cm(2) min). It is proved that the proposed bioactive coating based on heparin and platelet lysate does not affect the surface structure and physical and mechanical characteristics of the scaffold. It has been shown in vitro that samples of modified PTPS do not exhibit cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity, and improvement of hemocompatible properties occurs owing to a decrease in the number and degree of activation of adhered platelets.