A comprehensive review of challenges, prospects, and future perspectives for hydrogen energy development in Malaysia

In response to the pressing need for sustainable and greener energy alternatives, this study investigates into the exploration of hydrogen energy as a promising solution. The purpose of this study is to identify the common challenges and potential solutions in hydrogen energy transition and to validate their applicability in Malaysia through expert interviews. This research utilizes various methods: literature review identifies challenges and solutions, bibliometric analysis validates findings, and interviews with Malaysian hydrogen experts validate their applicability for the country. Thematic coding analysis using NVivo software is used to analyse the interview data. From this study, top three challenges are identified as the most applicable in Malaysia: high cost, ambiguous policy and limited infrastructure. Additionally, three potential solutions are considered as the most relevant: establishment of clear policy, encouragement of public-private partnerships, as well as investment in technologies and infrastructure.