Antibiofilm potential of biosurfactant produced by Bacillus aerius against pathogen bacteria

Biosurfactants (BS) derived from various microbes forms an alternative to chemical surfactants, which have many applications in food, petroleum, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industries. The present work aims to explore and identify new molecules and methods for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial biofilms. The findings of screening tests demonstrate Bacillus aerius ability to synthesize a surfactant with an emulsification index (EI24%) of 72.2% and a critical micellar concentration (CMC) of 60 mg/L. This BS effectively reduces surface tension, leading to a significant decrease from an initial value of 72 mN/m to 26 mN/m. This BS have been preliminarily characterized, Molecules identified by gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC -MS) have a high affinity with P. aeruginosa target proteins notably: AHL Synthase LasI (1RO5), virulence factor LasA (3IT7) and transcription protein LasR (6MNV). Similarly, the effect of BS on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, in vitro, showed strong inhibition. Therefore, our study suggests that the crude biosurfactant from B. aerius is an effective anti -Quorum sensing/antibiofilm and antibacterial agent, warranting further investigation to explore its therapeutic applications.