Effectiveness of an Exercise Program for Older Adults Using an Augmented Reality Exercise Platform: A Pilot Study

Background: With the rapid progression of population aging worldwide, the health management of older adults is emerging as an important topic. To help prevent declines in physical and cognitive function due to aging, older adults must maintain consistent physical activity. The development of digital technology has recently allowed the optimization of exercise programs for older adults using augmented reality (AR) game technology. Methods: Fifteen older adult females were enrolled in an AR-based exercise program. The program was conducted for 30 minutes, three times weekly, for a total of 6 weeks. To verify the effectiveness of the program and assess physical function before and after exercise, the following tests were performed: timed up-and-go test, five times sit-to-stand test, 1-minute sit-to-stand test, lung capacity test, respiratory muscle strength test, and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The Trail Making Test was used to evaluate cognitive function. For statistical analysis, a paired t-test was used to verify the effects on physical and cognitive function before and after exercise. Results: The study results confirmed improved overall physical and cognitive function. The timed up-and-go test, maximal inspiratory pressure, and Trail Making Test part B scores showed significant increases. Conclusion: This study verified the effectiveness of AR exercise in community-dwelling older adult women. In the future, exercise programs with game elements that increase the interest and motivation of participants to engage in exercise routines should be developed and applied.