APPLIED ETHICS AS "THE NEW ETHICS". TOWARD A NEW TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROLE OF MORAL PHILOSOPHER AS A "MORAL EXPERT"

This paper argues that applied ethics represents the new ethics. The first part reconstructs the origin of this new way of doing ethics, examining the theses of Parfit and Toulmin. Parfit argues that ethics is a recent discipline, distinct from religion, while Toulmin asserts that concrete problems have prompted philosophers to take up applied ethics. Subsequently, three levels of applied ethics are identified: philosophical, political, and case ethics. However, it is emphasized that applied case ethics has yet to overcome certain prejudices. It is argued that philosophers should participate in case discussions due to their formal expertise. In the secularised and technologically advanced context, philosophy can offer practical solutions to contemporary problems, entering public debates and people's lives. The philosopher is the ideal interlocutor to discuss contemporary values, adopting a secular and pluralist approach.