Fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles immobilized onto deoxyribonucleic acid template: application for electrochemical detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

In the present research, a method for depositing copper oxide onto surface-attached deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) forming spherical nanoparticles for fabrication of a modified electrode (GCE/DNA/CuONPs) is presented. Scanning electron microscopy cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used for characterization of the modification process. This electrode was used for the detection and determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide. For the first time, the electrooxidation of 2,4-D herbicide was investigated at two applied potentials by the proposed electrode. The electrochemical behaviors of this electrode were also studied by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry techniques. Based on the results, CuONPs and DNA exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity for the electrooxidation of 2,4-D herbicide. Many advantages were demonstrated by this research including application in sensitivities, linear ranges, and low detection of limits in two areas of potential for determination and detection of 2,4-D.