Thermal optimization of MHD nanofluid over a wedge by using response surface methodology: Sensitivity analysis

It is well documented that heat transfer is enhanced with addition of nanosized particles in fluid. But, in a mechanical system there are variety of factors influences the heat transfer. Some factors are significant while others are not. In this paper, authors will discuss sensitivity of different input parameters such as Le, Nt and Nb on output responses Nu(x) and Sh(x). To achieve this goal, the problem is modeled using basic conservation laws. The formulated model is a set of PDEs, which are converted to set of non-linear ODEs by using similarity transformation. Then these ODEs are solved numerically by using MATLAB built in package bvp4c and compared the numerical results with existing work and found good results. Sensitivity analysis is performed by employing RSM to determine the relationship between the input parameters such that 0.1 <= Le <= 1, 0.1 <= Nt <= 1 and 0.1 <= Nb <= 1 and the output responses (Nu(x) and Sh(x)). ANOVA tables are generated by using RSM. By using the ANOVA tables the correlations between input parameters and output response are developed. To check the validity of correlated equations, the residuals are plotted graphically and show best correlations between input parameters and output responses. The high values of R-2=98.65 and Adj R-2=97.43 for Nu(x) and R-2=97.83 and Adj R-2=95.88 for Sh(x) demonstrates the high validity of ANOVA results to perform sensitivity analysis. Finally, we have conducted a sensitivity analysis of the responses and came to the important results that Nt and Nb is most sensitive to Nusselt number and Sherwood number respectively. (c) 2023 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).