Risk Factors for the Development of Bilateral Meniere's Disease

ObjectiveTo identify key risk factors for the development of bilateral Meniere's disease.Study DesignsObservational study.SettingFour NHS Trusts and four independent hospitals or clinics, within three distinct urban and rural regions within the United Kingdom (Norfolk, Leicestershire, and London).MethodsPatients with Meniere's disease were identified at ENT or audiovestibular medicine secondary/tertiary care and specialist private clinics. A range of patient-reported data, questionnaire data, and clinical data (audiometric, radiological, and specialist balance testing data) was inputted into a bespoke database. A logistic regression model was used to identify potential risk factors for bilateral Meniere's disease compared with unilateral Meniere's disease.ResultsA total of 411 participants were recruited into this study, 263 from NHS Trusts and 148 from independent hospitals or clinics. In our cohort of patients, 22% of individuals were identified as having bilateral Meniere's disease. Two statistically significant independent variables were identified as risk factors for the development of bilateral Meniere's disease: the presence of psoriasis and a history of ear infections.ConclusionsPsoriasis and a history of ear infection have been identified as key risk factors for the development of bilateral Meniere's disease. It is anticipated that further work based on this finding will allow a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that predispose to the development of Meniere's disease symptoms.