A Systematic Review of Rembrandt's "Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp"

"The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp" is considered one of the greatest paintings of Dutch Artist Rembrandt which probably shows the anatomical dissection of the hand vividly probably for the first time on a canvas along with the demonstration of the surgical anatomy by the Praelector Dr. Nicolaes Tulp to fellow surgeons and surgical trainees. The painting has been subjected to various scrutiny and debate by the present researchers for wrongful depiction of the anatomy of the hand muscles, and there were omissions and commissions by Rembrandt. Nevertheless, Rembrandt's painting of "The Anatomy Lesson of Nicolaes Tulp" probably gave direction in understanding muscles and their attachments for future anatomy and surgery textbooks. This painting might also be the first-ever depiction of the diabetic gangrenous limb.