Evaluation of the polymer hydrogels as a potential relative permeability modifier

Excessive water production poses a significant challenge in the oil industry, especially in Pre-salt carbonate reservoirs, leading to reduced oil recovery, corrosion, and well abandonment. We explore the potential of polymeric preformed particle gels (PPGs) as innovative relative permeability modifiers (RPMs) for carbonate reservoirs. RPMs involve applying polymeric hydrogels to alter reservoir wettability, reducing water flow while enhancing oil productivity. PPGs offer a promising surface-based production alternative with improved control and minimized formation damage compared to traditional in-situ gels. We conducted crosslinking experiments using poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid-2-methyl propane sulfonate) terpolymer (AM-AA-AMPS) and aluminum (III) ions, assessing their impact on hydrogel properties. We also investigated the swelling behavior of these hydrogels and their interactions with rock samples. Results showed that crosslinking significantly affects PPG viscoelastic properties and swelling behavior. Adsorption tests revealed the formation of a polymeric film on rock surfaces, potentially altering wettability. Contact angle measurements demonstrated PPGs' ability to shift rock wettability, particularly in carbonate samples, from strongly oil-wet to water-wet conditions. This study underscores PPGs' potential as RPMs, offering valuable insights into improving oil extraction efficiency and addressing water production challenges in the industry.