Estimation of optical properties of turbid media using spatially resolved diffuse reflectance combined with LSTM-attention network

被引:1
|
作者
Sun, Danni [1 ]
Wang, Xin [1 ]
Huang, Min [1 ]
Zhu, Qibing [1 ]
Qin, Jianwei [2 ]
机构
[1] Jiangnan Univ, Key Lab Adv Proc Control Light Ind, Minist Educ, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China
[2] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Baltimore, MD 20705 USA
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
MONTE-CARLO; SCATTERING PROPERTIES; LIGHT TRANSPORT; ABSORPTION; FRUITS;
D O I
10.1364/OE.485235
中图分类号
O43 [光学];
学科分类号
070207 ; 0803 ;
摘要
The accurate estimation of the optical properties of turbid media by using a spatially resolved (SR) technique remains a challenging task due to measurement errors in the acquired spatially resolved diffuse reflectance (SRDR) and challenges in inversion model implementation. In this study, what we believe to be a novel data-driven model based on a long short-term memory network and attention mechanism (LSTM-attention network) combined with SRDR is proposed for the accurate estimation of the optical properties of turbid media. The proposed LSTM-attention network divides the SRDR profile into multiple consecutive and partially overlaps sub-intervals by using the sliding window technique, and uses the divided sub-intervals as the input of the LSTM modules. It then introduces an attention mechanism to evaluate the output of each module automatically and form a score coefficient, finally obtaining an accurate estimation of the optical properties. The proposed LSTM-attention network is trained with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation data to overcome the difficulty in preparing training (reference) samples with known optical properties. Experimental results of the MC simulation data showed that the mean relative error (MRE) with 5.59% for the absorption coefficient [with the mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.04 cm-1, coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9982, and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.058 cm-1] and 1.18% for the reduced scattering coefficient (with an MAE of 0.208 cm-1, R2 of 0.9996, and RMSE of 0.237 cm-1), which were significantly better than those of the three comparative models. The SRDR profiles of 36 liquid phantoms, collected using a hyperspectral imaging system that covered a wavelength range of 530-900 nm, were used to test the performance of the proposed model further. The results showed that the LSTM-attention model achieved the best performance (with the MRE of 14.89%, MAE of 0.022 cm-1, R2 of 0.9603, and RMSE of 0.026 cm-1 for the absorption coefficient; and the MRE of 9.76%, MAE of 0.732 cm-1, R2 of 0.9701, and RMSE of 1.470 cm-1for the reduced scattering coefficient). Therefore, SRDR combined with the LSTM-attention model provides an effective method for improving the estimation accuracy of the optical properties of turbid media.
引用
收藏
页码:10260 / 10272
页数:13
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