Effects of activation energy on irregular detonation structures in supersonic flow

In this work, high-precision numerical simulations of detonations in supersonic hydrogen-oxygen premixed gases with different activation energies are carried out. The open-source program Adaptive Mesh Refinement in Object-Oriented C++ is adopted, and the monotone upstream-centered scheme for conservation laws total variation diminishing numerical scheme is utilized to solve the Euler equations coupled with a one-step, two-component reaction model. The wave structure characteristics of the irregular cellular detonation process are obtained, and its initiation and propagation characteristics under different activation energies are analyzed in depth. The results show that, unlike a regular detonation wave structure, the Mach stem of an irregular detonation wave is prone to bifurcation in a supersonic mixture with high activation energy. In addition to the incident shock wave and the Mach stem structure, a hybrid shock wave structure also appears between the two due to the random generation of weak triple points. Moreover, the leading shock wave intensity of the irregular detonation weakens, resulting in the generation of many unburned jets whose sizes and shapes depend on the triple point type. Although the oscillation amplitude of the irregular detonation is large and its regularity is weak, the detonation wave can achieve approximate dynamic stability in the channel.