Gadolinium-enhanced MRI visualizing backflow at increasing intra-renal pressure in a porcine model

被引:5
|
作者
Lildal, Sren Kissow [1 ]
Hansen, Esben Svs Szocska [2 ]
Laustsen, Christoffer [2 ]
Norregaard, Rikke [3 ]
Bertelsen, Lotte Bonde [2 ,3 ]
Madsen, Kirsten [4 ]
Rasmussen, Camilla W. [2 ]
Osther, Palle Jorn Sloth [5 ,6 ]
Jung, Helene [5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Aarhus, Denmark
[2] Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, MR Res Ctr, Aarhus, Denmark
[3] Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark
[4] Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Pathol, Odense, Denmark
[5] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Reg Hlth Res, Odense, Denmark
[6] Univ Hosp Southern Denmark, Vejle Hosp, Dept Urol, Lillebaelt Hosp, Vejle, Denmark
来源
PLOS ONE | 2023年 / 18卷 / 02期
关键词
INTRAPELVIC PRESSURE; URETEROSCOPY;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0281676
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Introduction Intrarenal backflow (IRB) is known to occur at increased intrarenal pressure (IRP). Irrigation during ureteroscopy increases IRP. Complications such as sepsis is more frequent after prolonged high-pressure ureteroscopy. We evaluated a new method to document and visualize intrarenal backflow as a function of IRP and time in a pig model. Methods Studies were performed on five female pigs. A ureteral catheter was placed in the renal pelvis and connected to a Gadolinium/ saline solution 3 ml/L for irrigation. An occlusion balloon-catheter was left inflated at the uretero-pelvic junction and connected to a pressure monitor. Irrigation was successively regulated to maintain steady IRP levels at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mmHg. MRI of the kidneys was performed at 5-minute intervals. PCR and immunoassay analyses were executed on the harvested kidneys to detect potential changes in inflammatory markers. Results MRI showed backflow of Gadolinium into the kidney cortex in all cases. The mean time to first visual damage was 15 minutes and the mean registered pressure at first visual damage was 21 mmHg. On the final MRI the mean percentage of IRB affected kidney was 66% after irrigation with a mean maximum pressure of 43 mmHg for a mean duration of 70 minutes. Immunoassay analyses showed increased MCP-1 mRNA expression in the treated kidneys compared to contralateral control kidneys. Conclusions Gadolinium enhanced MRI provided detailed information about IRB that has not previously been documented. IRB occurs at even very low pressures, and these findings are in conflict with the general consensus that keeping IRP below 30-35 mmHg eliminates the risk of post-operative infection and sepsis. Moreover, the level of IRB was documented to be a function of both IRP and time. The results of this study emphasize the importance of keeping IRP and OR time low during ureteroscopy.
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页数:13
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