Review of the Terminology, Approaches, and Formulations Used in the Guidelines on Quantitative Risk Assessment of Chemical Hazards in Food

被引:3
|
作者
Domenech, Eva [1 ]
Martorell, Sebastian [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Univ Ingn Alimentos Food UPV, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain
[2] Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, MEDASEGI Res Grp, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain
关键词
health risk; safety margin; cancer risk; margin of exposure; hazard index; hazard quotient; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HUMAN HEALTH-RISK; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; EDIBLE VEGETABLE-OILS; DIETARY EXPOSURE; PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; MEAT-PRODUCTS; NONCARCINOGENIC RISK; COMPLEMENTARY FOODS; SEASONAL-VARIATION;
D O I
10.3390/foods13050714
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
This paper reviews the published terminology, mathematical models, and the possible approaches used to characterise the risk of foodborne chemical hazards, particularly pesticides, metals, mycotoxins, acrylamide, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results confirmed the wide variability of the nomenclature used, e.g., 28 different ways of referencing exposure, 13 of cancer risk, or 9 of slope factor. On the other hand, a total of 16 equations were identified to formulate all the risk characterisation parameters of interest. Therefore, the present study proposes a terminology and formulation for some risk characterisation parameters based on the guidelines of international organisations and the literature review. The mathematical model used for non-genotoxic hazards is a ratio in all cases. However, the authors used the probability of cancer or different ratios, such as the margin of exposure (MOE) for genotoxic hazards. For each effect studied per hazard, the non-genotoxic effect was mostly studied in pesticides (79.73%), the genotoxic effect was mostly studied in PAHs (71.15%), and both effects were mainly studied in metals (59.4%). The authors of the works reviewed generally opted for a deterministic approach, although most of those who assessed the risk for mycotoxins or the ratio and risk for acrylamide used the probabilistic approach.
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页数:43
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