[1] Shonan Kamakura Gen Hosp, Gastroenterol Med Ctr, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
[2] Yokohama City Univ, Dept Hlth Data Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
[3] Univ Tokyo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Tokyo, Japan
[4] Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Gen Hosp, Emergency & Crit Care Ctr, Tokyo, Japan