Research on Vibration and Noise Reduction of Tangential Magnetizing Parallel Structure Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Motor

IntroductionThe magnetic potential source of a tangential magnetizing parallel structure hybrid excitation synchronous motor (TMPS-HESM) is generated by both the permanent magnets and the excitation winding.ObjectivesAs the positive excitation current flows in, the radial electromagnetic force wave amplitude of the motor increases sharply, resulting in an over-limited electromagnetic vibration noise.MethodsTo address this issue, a 2.5 kW TMPS-HESM is used as the object of study. First, an analytical model of the radial electromagnetic force wave of a hybrid excitation motor is developed using the Maxwell stress tensor method under the operating conditions considering armature reaction and the influence of the length of the pole piece on the air gap side and the pole eccentricity distance on the radial electromagnetic force wave was analyzed. Then, using the above variables as optimization variables, the joint simulation method of Maxwell & Workbench & optiSLang based on PSO was used to optimize the design with the mean and maximum values of average motor torque, torque pulsation, and A-weighted noise as the objectives, and the optimal structural dimension parameters were selected through the Pareto front surface. A multi-physics finite element model was established to compare the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of radial electromagnetic force and vibration and noise spectra before and after optimization. Finally, a hybrid excitation motor vibration experiment platform was built, and the vibration acceleration on the surface of the motor casing was tested and analyzed under load and no-load conditions.ResultsThe results show that the adopted multi-objective optimization results can effectively weaken the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the hybrid excitation motor, and provide a reference for the design of vibration and noise reduction of related complex structure motors.