The latest research progress of conductive hydrogels in the field of electrophysiological signal acquisition

During the physiological activities of the human body, a variety of rich electrophysiological signals are generated, and these signals are mainly acquired through electrodes. Therefore, the performance of electrodes directly determines the quality and stability of electrophysiological signals. Among the electrodes, electrodes based on conductive hydrogels show great potential in the field of electrophysiological signal acquisition due to their excellent conductivity, stability, biocompatibility and low Young's modulus. This review first introduces representative strategies for the preparation of conductive hydrogels, discusses the possible problems of introducing conductive materials into hydrogels and offers solutions. Subsequently, the mechanism of electrophysiological signal generation is introduced, and the recent research progress of conductive hydrogels in the field of electrophysiological signal acquisition is discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges faced by conductive hydrogels for electrophysiological signal acquisition are summarized and outlooked. Conductive hydrogels have great potential in the field of electrophysiological signal acquisition because of their outstanding properties.