Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phytochemicals from Java']Java Plum (Syzygium cumini L.) Pomace: Process Optimization, Phytochemical Characterization Using HPLC, FTIR, SEM and Mineral Profiling

Java plum pomace is rich in bioactive compounds and has potential to use in numerous ways, where extraction is one of them. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) using acidified aqueous ethanol (1:20 solid:liquid, w/v) acidified with 0.1% HCl was employed to optimize the extraction conditions (ultrasound power, extraction temperature, time, and ethanol concentration) for phytochemicals from java plum fruit pomace using response surface methodology. The mathematical model suggested a high coefficient of determination for optimum conditions as 366.25 W ultrasound power, 37.61 degrees C temperature for 47.48 min using 70% ethanol for the extraction of phytochemicals. Actual yield of phytochemicals was almost same to predicted yields. While comparing UAE with conventional extraction (CE), phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities, and minerals except potassium, copper, and manganese were reported higher in UAE as confirmed using HPLC, FTIR, AES and SEM analysis. It can be concluded that the optimized conditions can be used for the better extraction of phytochemicals from java plum pomace and its effective utilization.