Mechanisms and modeling of bubble dynamic behaviors and mass transfer under gravity: A review

Bubbly flow is a prototypical two-phase flow problem. The dynamic behavior of bubbles within a reactor is intrinsically linked to their transport, distribution, and mass transfer, all of which directly influence reactor productivity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the kinetics of bubble behaviors and mechanisms of gas-liquid mass transfer. Our exposition delves deeply into the intricate dynamics of bubbles behaviors, the complex correlation between bubble behavior and mass transfer, and the modeling of both these phenomena. Specifically, we explore (1) the dynamic mechanisms that govern bubble dynamic behaviors, encompassing path instability, breakup, and coalescence, (2) the inherent correlation between bubble dynamic behavior and mass transfer, and (3) the modeling of bubble behavior and mass transfer processes. These sections also discuss the impact of global turbulence and local turbulence on the bubble dynamic behaviors and mass transfer. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the challenges inherent in the study of bubble dynamic behaviors and mass transfer, and propose avenues for further research. The advent of machine learning promises to infuse fresh vigor into traditional investigations of bubble dynamic behaviors and mass transfer.