Impact Mechanism of Renewable Energy Technology Innovation on Carbon Productivity Based on Spatial Durbin Model

Given the threats to international energy security and the restructuring of energy sources in various countries, China faces the dual challenge of achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. To promote a reduction in carbon emissions and enhance carbon productivity, it is crucial to innovate renewable energy technology for long-term, low-carbon transformational development. This paper identifies the key factors that affect carbon productivity through pathway analysis and quantitatively examines the direct and spatial spillover impacts of technological advancements in renewable energy using the spatial Durbin model. Finally, this study verifies the pathways through which innovations affect carbon productivity by combining them with the spatial mediation model. The results indicate that innovations in renewable energy technologies significantly enhance carbon productivity. The indirect effects of regional spillover are even more pronounced.