In Situ Encapsulation of Nanometals in Carbon Matrix from Hazardous Wastewater with Cogeneration of H2 Using Banana Pseudostem

This study successfully utilized the banana pseudostem(BPS) toremove heavy metals (HMs) from nickel electroplating wastewater (Ni-EPW)while generating H-2-rich gaseous fuel and synthesizinga valuable nanometal carbon matrix (NCM). This study highlights thesynergetic effect of HMs promoting the decomposition of lignocellulosicbiomass into H-2-rich gaseous fuel, with simultaneous recoveryof HMs from the metal effluent in the form of NCM and reduction offormed metal oxide to lower valence metal oxides or metals with anincrease in the temperature (300-600 & DEG;C). This study alsoexamined how the crucial parameters, like temperature, time, and biomass-to-Ni-EPWratio, impact the process performance. The maximum H-2 yield(6.8 & PLUSMN; 0.20 mmol & BULL;g(-1)), total gas yield(TGY) (17.3 & PLUSMN; 0.51 mmol & BULL;g(-1)), and carbongasification efficiency (CGE) (36%) were determined at 600 & DEG;Cand a biomass-to-Ni-EPW ratio of 1:10 for a retention time of 60 min.The use of nickel electroplating wastewater with the banana pseudostemcatalyzes the degradation of biomass reaction rate and water gas shiftreaction. It improves the TGY, H-2 gas yield, and CGE to2.2, 1.7, and 2.6 times, respectively, compared with Millipore water(without any metal). The NCM obtained at 600 & DEG;C has quasi-sphericalmorphology with a larger surface area of 146.2 m(2)& BULL;g(-1) and exhibits magnetic saturation (M-s)of & SIM;3.42 emu & BULL;g(-1), which also finds itsapplication in the fabrication of sensors and supercapacitors.