Improvement of electric and photoelectric properties of the Al/n-ZnO/p-Si/Al photodiodes by green synthesis method using chamomille flower extract

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized by green and chemically using the sol-gel method. They compared in terms of current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. The synthesized plant-based (ZnO-NPs) were characterized via Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The XRD analysis determined the existence of pure-crystalline of (ZnO-NPs). Particle size distribution was routinely employed to characterize the green synthesized powders for size distribution, and the reactivity of green synthesized particles was found smaller than chemically synthesized particles. The I-V measurements of prepared thin films characteristics were compared both in the dark and ultraviolet spectrum (365 nm) under 100 mW/cm(2). While the reverse-saturation current (I-0), ideality factor (n), and zero-bias barrier-height (phi(bo)) values were extracted from the I-V data as 1.68 x 10(-6) A, 2.43, 0.61 eV in dark and 7.27 x 10(-5) A, 5.64, 0.50 eV under illumination for Al/(Bio-ZnO)/pSi and 7.99 x 10(-6) A, 3.75, 0.57 eV in dark and 3.09 x 10(-5) A, 5.71, 0.53 eV under illumination for Al/(Chemical-ZnO)/pSi photodiodes. These photodiodes' energy-dependent profiles were also obtained using the Card-Rhoderick method.