Peer-to-peer energy exchange, autonomy goals, and financial rewards in Saudi Arabia households

Peer-to-Peer energy trading is becoming increasingly essential and attracting a significant centralized transient energy trading market, an optimization model interest from companies and academics. As a result, new methods of creation and implementation have been developed. The deployment of the con-sumer concept, which combines residential needs with photovoltaic and battery storage systems, has been proposed as a viable approach to promote the integration of renewable energies with neighboring energy consumers' distribution networks. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative group of grid -connected residential consumers and communities that uses an appropriate MILP method to share, orga-nize and schedule surplus energy generated from distributed energy resources (DER) with neighboring energy consumers/deficit. The energy community investigated in this study consists of four consumers (a residential load and two consumers, a solar PV system and a battery storage system), an energy com-munity manager, and an energy seller, all connected to a distribution network. The proposed market model aims to investigate the economic benefits of renewable energy sources participating in centralized transit energy trading. A centralized strategy is used in transit energy trading between 10 proactive con-sumers and the energy network, with the energy community manager overseeing trading operations in the energy community. In the centralized transient energy trading market, an optimization model is pro-posed to increase the financial benefits of rooftop solar PV/ESS systems.(c) 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams Uni-versity.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).