Are cannabidiol (CBD) levels in consumer food products well tested?-A review

被引:0
|
作者
Siddiqui, Shahida Anusha [1 ,2 ,9 ]
Fidan, Hafize [3 ]
Stankov, Stanko [3 ]
Mehdizadeh, Mohammad [4 ]
Ambartsumov, Tigran Garrievich [5 ]
Kharazmi, Mohammad [6 ]
Singh, Shubhra [7 ]
Jafari, Seid Mahdi [8 ]
机构
[1] Tech Univ Munich, Campus Straubing Biotechnol & Sustainabil, Straubing, Germany
[2] German Inst Food Technol DIL eV, D Quakenbruck, Germany
[3] Univ Food Technol, Fac Econ, Dept Tourism & Culinary Management, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
[4] Univ Mohaghegh Ardabili, Fac Agr & Nat Resources, Dept Agron & Plant Breeding, Ardebil, Iran
[5] ITMO Univ, Fac Technol & Innovat Management, St Petersburg, Russia
[6] Univ Calif Riverside, Fac Med, Riverside, CA USA
[7] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Trop Agr & Int Cooperat, Pingtung City, Taiwan
[8] Gorgan Univ Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Dept Food Mat & Proc Design Engn, Gorgan, Iran
[9] Tech Univ Munich TUM, Campus Straubing Biotechnol & Sustainabil, Essigberg 3, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
来源
FOOD FRONTIERS | 2023年 / 4卷 / 04期
关键词
cannabidiol; Cannabis sativa L; CBD; consumers; edibles; phytocannabinoids; properties; LUNG-CANCER; DOUBLE-BLIND; SATIVA L; POOLED ANALYSIS; MARIJUANA USE; HEMP SEED; CANNABINOIDS; ANXIETY; RISK; COMBINATION;
D O I
10.1002/fft2.308
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
There are differing views on cannabis and phytocannabinoid usage in diverse domains of application. This review explores the advantages and drawbacks of using cannabis and phytocannabinoids, including their effects on human health, in addition to highlighting the need for precise and repeatable analytical methods for quantifying controlled phytocannabinoids in consumer cannabidiol (CBD) products and foods. The composition and characteristics of the phytochemicals found in cannabis, the advantages and disadvantages of controlled and uncontrolled phytocannabinoids, and the need for regulation and standardization in the use of cannabis and products containing phytocannabinoids are all covered in this review of the pertinent literature. Cannabinoids used illegally can have negative consequences, but controlled phytocannabinoids found in consumer CBD products are relatively safe and unlikely to cause any adverse effects. It is necessary to restrict the amount of CBD in foods and consumer products in order to ensure safety. To measure the amount of restricted phytocannabinoids in these products, accurate analytical techniques are also required. In order to increase the use of cannabis among consumers, more research is needed to improve our understanding of the bioavailability and metabolic pathways of these compounds. Furthermore, consumers want clear and uniform federal rules governing the amount of CBD in food products in order to ensure correct dosing. To promote safe and responsible use, cannabis and phytocannabinoids must be carefully considered, regulated, and standardized. It is necessary for consumers to have clear, consistent standards governing the percentage of CBD in their food products. As a result, they would know the exact amount of CBD in their products.
引用
收藏
页码:1778 / 1793
页数:16
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [31] Cannabidiol (CBD): a strong plea for mandatory pre-marketing approval of food supplements
    Lachenmeier, Dirk W.
    Walch, Stephan G.
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PROTECTION AND FOOD SAFETY, 2020, 15 (02) : 97 - 98
  • [32] Consumer Interaction with Sustainability Labelling on Food Products: A Narrative Literature Review
    Cook, Brian
    Leite, Joao Costa
    Rayner, Mike
    Stoffel, Sandro
    van Rijn, Elaine
    Wollgast, Jan
    [J]. NUTRIENTS, 2023, 15 (17)
  • [33] Classification of Cannabidiol (CBD) from Hemp A Narcotic Drug and therefore a Non-Food?
    Lachenmeier, Dirk W.
    [J]. DEUTSCHE LEBENSMITTEL-RUNDSCHAU, 2020, 116 (08) : 347 - 348
  • [34] Cannabidiol (CBD): a strong plea for mandatory pre-marketing approval of food supplements
    Dirk W. Lachenmeier
    Stephan G. Walch
    [J]. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, 2020, 15 : 97 - 98
  • [35] Cannabidiol (CBD) product contamination: Quantitative analysis of ?(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (????????(9)-THC) concentrations found in commercially available CBD products
    Johnson, Erin
    Kilgore, Michael
    Babalonis, Shanna
    [J]. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE, 2022, 237
  • [36] Importance of Monitoring Clobazam and N-Desmethylclobazam Levels in Treatment with Cannabidiol (CBD) for Epilepsy
    Gaston, Tyler
    Bebin, E.
    Szaflarski, Jerzy
    [J]. NEUROLOGY, 2016, 86
  • [37] Effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and THC/CBD mixtures on fentanyl versus food choice in rhesus monkeys
    Carey, Lawrence M.
    Maguire, David R.
    France, Charles P.
    [J]. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE, 2023, 244
  • [38] Critical Review on the Chemical Aspects of Cannabidiol (CBD) and Harmonization of Computational Bioactivity Data
    Mastinu, Andrea
    Ribaudo, Giovanni
    Ongaro, Alberto
    Bonini, Sara Anna
    Memo, Maurizio
    Gianoncelli, Alessandra
    [J]. CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, 2021, 28 (02) : 213 - 237
  • [39] A Review of Human Studies Assessing Cannabidiol's (CBD) Therapeutic Actions and Potential
    White, C. Michael
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 2019, 59 (07): : 923 - 934
  • [40] RISKY-SHIFT PHENOMENON TESTED WITH CONSUMER PRODUCTS AS STIMULI
    JOHNSON, DL
    ANDREWS, IR
    [J]. JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1971, 20 (03) : 382 - &