Friction stir welding parameters optimization of naval grade AA5083 alloy: RSM

Four main factors are considered in this study: welding speed, tool rotation speed, tilt angle, and tool diameter ratio (shoulders and pins). The study used a statistical technique called design of experiments, and the fit of the model was assessed by analysis of variance. Student's t-test and p-test were used to determine the significance of the developed model. The results of the test showed that the diameter ratio of the tool had the most significant effect, as determined by its P value. After the diameter ratio, welding speed and tool rotational speed, tilt angle were found to be the next influential parameters. The highest recorded strength of 245 MPa was obtained under the following conditions at rotational speed of 900 rpm, welding speed of 100 mm/min, tilt angle of 1.5 & DEG;. Optimal heat input during friction stir welding may be the reason for higher strength and balanced material flows can be produced a sound joint.