Exploring sustainable analytical techniques using G score and future innovations in green analytical chemistry

Sustainable practices in analytical chemistry are essential in light of global environmental concerns. Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) offers eco-friendly and sustainable analytical procedures with a focus on waste reduction, energy efficiency, and emissions reduction. This review explores GAC's evolution and impact, analyzing 1885 articles from the Scopus database up to March 29, 2023. Key metrics such as the Analytical Eco Scale (100), Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical Method Greenness Score are examined, enabling a robust assessment of environmental impact and the development of eco-conscious practices. Our primary aim is to elucidate how analysts apply GAC principles to enhance sustainability. Through this analysis, we identify trends, challenges, and opportunities for greener analytical practices. This manuscript addresses a gap in current literature, offering an up-to-date analysis of GAC metrics. A comparative analysis of GSK's G score in 604 LC/UV/ LC-MS method articles, facilitating realistic assessments and method comparisons for eco-friendliness. This review contributes valuable insights to GAC and also discussed briefly about few greener analytical methods such as sensor-based analysis and future directions. Researchers and analysts will find guidance for adopting sustainable alternatives and making informed choices. The review concludes by summarizing findings and highlighting areas for further improvement in achieving sustainable, environmentally friendly analytical methodologies.