Acute human leptospirosis in a Caribbean region of Colombia: From classic to emerging risk factors

被引:1
|
作者
Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Virginia [1 ]
Castro-Cordero, Ana [1 ]
Calderon-Rangel, Alfonso [2 ]
Martinez-Ibarra, Eidy [3 ]
Yasnot, Maria [1 ]
Agudelo-Florez, Piedad [4 ]
Monroy, Fernando P. [5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cordoba, Grp Invest Microbiol & Biomed Cordoba GIMBIC, Cordoba, Colombia
[2] Univ Cordoba, Inst Invest Biol Trop IIBT, Monteria, Colombia
[3] Univ Cordoba, Salud Publ, Cordoba, Colombia
[4] Univ CES, Escuela Grad, Ciencias Vida & Salud, Medellin, Colombia
[5] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 617 South Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA
[6] No Arizona Univ, Pathogen & Microbiome Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA
关键词
Colombia; epidemiology; floods; Leptospira; risk factor; serology; zoonoses; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; MANAGEMENT; INFECTION; DYNAMICS; WATER;
D O I
10.1111/zph.13089
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide incidence, with a broad spectrum of health risk factors.Aim: The objective was to determine risk factors associated with acute human leptospirosis and to explore predictive variables of risk to human leptospirosis.Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Cordoba, in the north of Colombia. We conducted a longitudinal prospective descriptive study with non-probabilistic sampling, which included 339 patients suspected of leptospirosis. Positive cases were confirmed by MAT and PCR. The determination of social and environmental risk factors was done with a survey on epidemiological and environmental variables to establish an association between cases of leptospirosis and risk factors as well as predictive variables.Results: We found 19.8% (67/339) cases of acute leptospirosis, and the seroprevalence was 27.1% (92/339). The most frequent serogroups were Sejroe, Australis, Pomona, Batavie, Pyrogenes and Grippotyphosa. We identified the following risk factors: age between 10 and 19 years (OR = 2.571; 95% CI); pig ownership (OR = 2.019; 95% CI); bathing or recreational activities in lake/lagoon (OR = 3.85; 95% CI) and in dams (OR = 3.0; 95% CI); floodings 30 days before the onset of symptoms (OR = 2.019; 95% CI), and a mean temperature of 28 degrees C (p 0.044; 95%CI). As significant predictor variables, we identified age (10-19 years), bathing or recreational activities in the lake/lagoon, and flooding 30 days before symptoms were again evidenced. This region presents classic risk factors (pig ownership) and emerging environmental risk factors (recreational practice or bathing in a lake/lagoon and flooding 30 days before the onset of symptoms), and demographic factors such as young age (10-19 years).Conclusions: These factors are also predictors of human cases of acute leptospirosis and provide contextual information on environmental and public health that should be considered for epidemiological surveillance in this endemic area.
引用
收藏
页码:107 / 119
页数:13
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