Crafting a Blueprint for MicroRNA in Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a range of disorders, from congenital heart malforma-tion, cardiac valve, peripheral artery, coronary artery, cardiac muscle diseases, and arrhythmias, ultimately leading to heart failure. Despite therapeutic advance-ments, CVDs remain the primary cause of global mor-tality, highlighting the need for a thorough knowledge of CVDs at the level of molecular structure. Gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression variations signifi-cantly influence cellular pathways, impacting an organism's physiology. MiRNAs, in particular, serve as regulators of gene expression, playing critical roles in essential cellular pathways and influencing the development of various diseases, including CVD. A wealth of evidence supports the involvement of miRNAs in CVD progression. These findings highlight the potential of miRNAs as valuable diagnostic bio-markers and open new avenues for their therapeutic application in CVDs. This study focuses on the latest advancements in identifying and characterizing micro-RNAs, exploring their manipulation and clinical appli-cation, and discussing future perspectives. (Curr Probl Cardiol 2023;48:102010.)