Management strategies for single-use plastics: lessons to learn from Indian approach of minimizing microplastic waste

Single-use plastics (SUPs) are significant contributors to the overall generation of plastic and microplastic waste. SUPs are the chief materials used for packaging and other such purposes resulting in immediate disposal after use. Recognizing the environmental burden posed by SUPs in the form of microplastics, many countries have banned these materials. However, addressing this issue requires a more diversified approach. The present article focuses on recent initiatives adopted by India for SUP management. Drawing lessons from the experiences of other countries, India has not only imposed ban but adopted an extended producer responsibility approach as well for managing the waste emanating from SUPs. For this, India took the interventions both at the supply side as well as the demand side. Nevertheless, assessment methodologies have been developed, including surveillance, grievance redressal, digital interventions, periodic monitoring, and auditing. While the outcome of this approach will be visible after a few years, an initial appraisal is deemed necessary. Therefore, this paper outlines India's approach, implementation strategy, assessment methodology, possible implications, and future prospects. This multi-faceted nature of the approach involves a number of stakeholders in the SUP chain making it suitable for adoption by other developing nations as well. Effective management of single-use plastic (SUP) waste can significantly help to minimize microplastic pollution.