Human Health Risk Assessment from Mercury-Contaminated Soil and Water in Abu Hamad Mining Market, Sudan

被引：3
|
作者：
Elwaleed, Ahmed [1 ,2 ]
Jeong, Huiho [3 ]
Abdelbagi, Ali H. [2 ]
Quynh, Nguyen Thi [1 ]
Agusa, Tetsuro [3 ]
Ishibashi, Yasuhiro [3 ]
Arizono, Koji [4 ]
机构：
[1] Prefectural Univ Kumamoto, Grad Sch Environm & Symbiot Sci, Tsukide 3-1-100,Higashi Ku, Kumamoto 8628502, Japan
[2] Univ Khartoum, Fac Engn, Min Engn Dept, Gamma Ave,POB 321, Khartoum, Sudan
[3] Prefectural Univ Kumamoto, Fac Environm & Symbiot Sci, Tsukide 3-1-100,Higashi Ku, Kumamoto 8628502, Japan
[4] Kumamoto Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, 5-1 Oe Honmachi,Chuo Ku, Kumamoto 8620973, Japan
来源：
TOXICS | 2024年 / 12卷 / 02期
关键词：
mercury; ASGM; hazard quotient; health risk assessment; Sudan; EXPOSURE; AREA; VEGETATION; POLLUTION; TOXICITY; PROVINCE;
D O I：
10.3390/toxics12020112
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) poses a significant global threat due to mercury emissions and resulting health hazards. This study focuses on assessing these risks in the Abu Hamad ASGM community in Sudan. Utilizing the Mercury Analyzer 3000 (NIC), analyses of twelve soil samples (including one tailings sample) and seven water samples revealed the highest concentrations near amalgam burning locations: 34.8 mg/kg in soil (S06) and 3.26 mu g/L in water (W03). Concentrations decrease with distance, with soil near burning exceeding tailings (S05 = 19.0 mg/kg). Hazard quotients indicate mercury vapor inhalation as the primary exposure route from soil, with the Hazard Index reaching 5.34 for adults and 33.4 for children close to amalgam burning sites. Water samples generally pose little risk except for W03, where children face potential danger via ingestion (HI = 1.74). These findings emphasize the urgent need for adopting retorts and eco-friendly practices to reduce mercury emissions and protect ASGM communities.
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页数：16
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