Changes of inflammatory cytokines in vertebral compression fractures patients with percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty

Objective To explore the changes of a series of cytokines before and after percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) and prognostic markers for response to PKP. Methods From 1 January 2019 to 31 May 2019, all single-level lumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) patients diagnosed by MRI who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. They were classified into the effective group and the ineffective group based on the outcome after PKP. The levels of a series of inflammatory factors and indices of spinal functions were obtained before and after PKP. Results A total of 72 patients were included in this study, 59 in the effective group and 13 in the ineffective group. The anterior height (AH) and posterior height (PH) were 77.3 +/- 11.2% and 91.2 +/- 9.3%, respectively, in the effective group after PKP, which were higher than that in the ineffective group (p<.001). While, the Kyphotic angle, visual analog scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score were 9.1 +/- 4.3 degrees, 3.1 +/- 1.9, and 19.2 +/- 4.1 in the effective group, which was lower than that in ineffective group (p<.001). The serum levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were found significantly decreased after treatment in the effective group (p<.05). The logistic regression showed that the levels of IL-6 TNF-alpha and AH were significant predictor of outcome. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that PKP can reduce the serum levels of IL-6, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha, moreover, the IL-6, TNF-alpha, and AH were significant predictors of outcome.