ANDROLOGICAL PATHOLOGIES OF FLUORIDATED AND NON-FLUORIDATED PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE IN MICE

In present study, comparative andrological histopathologies of Cypermethrin (CP) (a chlorinated type II pyrethroid) and Lambda-Cyhalothrin (LN) (a fluorinated type II pyrethroid) insecticide exposure and their amelioration with post treatment with Extra Virgin Olive oil (EVO) in testes, epididymis and vas deferens were explored. Sixty male albino mice (12-14 weeks old) were randomly distributed in six groups (n=10): 1. Negative Control (NC) is vehicle control so received 0.1mL corn oil on day 1&2, no treatment (day 3) and 0.1mL corn oil (day 4-6) through gavage; 2. Positive Control (PC) (the olive oil EVO antidote group) were given 0.1mL corn oil on day 1&2, no treatment (day 3) and 0.1mL EVO (day 4-6); 3,4) CP and LN were treated with 0.1mL of their respective 5mg/kg insecticides dissolved in corn oil on day 1&2, no treatment (day 3) and 0.1mL corn oil (day 4-6); 5,6) CP+EVO and LN+EVO were given 0.1mL of their respective 5mg/kg insecticides on day 1&2, no treatment (day 3) and 0.1mL EVO (day 4-6). Animals were dissected on day 7 to recover testes, epididymis and vas deferens. Excised organs were processed for serial sectioning and micrometry. Exposure with CP and LN results in severe damage to seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues of testes and endothelium of epididymis and vas deferens. Toxic effects were depicted as empty spaces in seminiferous tubules, interstitial tissues and epididymis and vas deferens, wavy margins of seminiferous tubules and corpus epididymis and necrosis in spermatogonia. Simultaneously the mean cross-sectional area of seminiferous tubules was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in CP (10.34 +/- 3.00 mu m(2)) and LN (12.63 +/- 3.23 mu m(2)) than PC (15.30 +/- 6.25 mu m2) and NC (14.69 +/- 4.96 mu m(2)) groups. The EVO post treatment groups CP+EVO and LN+EVO indicate signs of rehabilitation in the mean CSA of seminiferous tubules (13.04 +/- 5.45 mu m(2), 13.07 +/- 5.80 mu m(2)) and interstitial tissues (30.47 +/- 0.67 mu m(2), 33.60 +/- 1.23 mu m(2)) as well as the mean number of spermatogonia. There was significant (P <= 0.05) decrease in the mean epithelial height of caput (22.78 +/- 0.56 mu m(2), 22.42 +/- 0.49 mu m(2)), corpus (20.29 +/- 0.42 mu m(2), 20.15 +/- 0.55 mu m(2)) and cauda epididymis convoluted tubing (18.29 +/- 0.59 mu m(2), 17.93 +/- 0.52 mu m(2)) and epithelial thickness of vas deferens (29.17 +/- 1.49 mu m(2), 28.91 +/- 0.88 mu m(2)) in CP and LN groups. The recovery signs of extra virgin olive oil in CP+EVO and LN+EVO groups were observed as rehabilitation in epithelial height of caput (23.58 +/- 0.49 mu m(2), 23.04 +/- 0.51 mu m(2)), corpus (20.97 +/- 0.54 mu m(2), 20.69 +/- 0.55 mu m(2)) and cauda epididymis (21.43 +/- 0.65 mu m(2), 20.13 +/- 0.70 mu m(2)) and epithelial thickness of vas deferens (34.06 +/- 1.07 mu m(2), 31.24 +/- 0.96 mu m(2)). The results indicate that both insecticides inflicted almost similar histopathologies which were convincingly recovered by the olive oil post treatment. It is thus concluded that irrespective of the presence of fluoride the type II pyrethroids can inflict severe testicular, epididymal and vas deferens damage in the exposed animals whereas the olive oil has immense rehabilitative capacity and thus can be used against insecticide inflicted testicular, epididymal and vas deferens histopathologies.