The Relative Influence of Perceived Immigration Laws and Consequences on HIV Testing Among US Latino Immigrants

被引:0
|
作者
Galletly, Carol L. [1 ]
McAuliffe, Timothy L. [1 ]
Dickson-Gomez, Julia B. [1 ,2 ]
Glasman, Laura R. [1 ]
Ruelas, Dulce M. [3 ]
机构
[1] Med Coll Wisconsin, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, 1710 East Lafayette Pl, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA
[2] Med Coll Wisconsin, Inst Hlth & Equ, Milwaukee, WI USA
[3] Grand Canyon Univ, Coll Nursing & Healthcare Profess, Phoenix, AZ USA
关键词
HIV testing; Latino immigrants; Immigration policy; Healthcare; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; BEHAVIORS; PREDICTORS; INFECTION; ADULTS; TRENDS; RISK;
D O I
10.1007/s10461-023-04159-0
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
The CDC recommends that persons aged 13-64 receive an HIV test at least once in their lifetime and that some groups test annually or more frequently. Nearly one-half of US Latino immigrants have never been tested for HIV. To the extent that immigration-related laws deter documented and undocumented immigrants from engaging in communicable disease control measures, these laws undermine public health efforts. 1750 noncitizen adult, sexually active, Spanish-speaking Latino immigrants across four cities in the US completed a cross-sectional survey assessing perceptions of immigration-related laws and immigration consequences related to HIV testing and diagnosis. Participants were recruited in-person by staff in community settings, through flyers posted in places frequented by Latino immigrants, and by word-of-mouth through snowball sampling. Outcomes were whether participants had ever received an HIV test and whether they tested in the previous 12 months. Multivariable analyses examined the relative contribution of perceived immigration laws and consequences on HIV testing behaviors when considering established predictors of HIV testing. Perceptions of HIV-related immigration laws and immigration consequences was a significant predictor of never having had an HIV test even when considered relative to common predictors of HIV testing. The influence of perceived immigration laws and consequences on testing in the previous 12 months was not significant in multivariable analysis. Perceived HIV-related immigration laws and consequences appear to be a substantial contributor to reluctance to be tested for HIV among Latino immigrants who have never been tested. Effective interventions should be developed to address these. El CDC recomienda que las personas de 13 a 64 anos se hagan una prueba del VIH al menos una vez en la vida y que algunos grupos se hagan la prueba anualmente o con mayor frecuencia. Casi la mitad de los inmigrantes latinos de los Estados Unidos nunca se han hecho la prueba del VIH. En la medida en que las leyes relacionadas con la inmigracion disuadan a los inmigrantes documentados e indocumentados de participar en medidas de control de enfermedades transmisibles, estas leyes socavan los esfuerzos de salud publica. 1750 inmigrantes latinos adultos no ciudadanos, sexualmente activos y de habla hispana en cuatro ciudades de EE. UU. completaron una encuesta transversal que evaluo las percepciones de las leyes relacionadas con la inmigracion y de las consecuencias de la inmigracion relacionadas con las pruebas y el diagnostico del VIH. Los participantes fueron reclutados en persona en contextos comunitarios, a traves de volantes publicados en lugares frecuentados por inmigrantes latinos y de boca en boca a traves de muestras de bola de nieve. Las variables dependientes fueron si los participantes se habian hecho una prueba del VIH alguna vez y si se habian hecho la prueba en los ultimos 12 meses. Los analisis multivariados examinaron la contribucion relativa de la percepcion de las leyes de inmigracion y de las consecuencias de inmigracion sobre los comportamientos relativo a las pruebas del VIH, controlando por predictores conocidos de las pruebas del VIH. Las percepciones de las leyes de inmigracion relacionadas con el VIH y las consecuencias de la inmigracion fueron un predictor significativo de nunca haberse realizado una prueba del VIH, aun considerando los predictores comunes de la prueba del VIH. La influencia de la percepcion de las leyes de inmigracion y de las consecuencias de la inmigracion sobre la prueba en los ultimos 12 meses no fue significativa en el analisis multivariado. Las leyes de inmigracion y las consecuencias percibidas relacionadas con el VIH parecen contribuir sustancialmente a la renuencia a hacerse la prueba del VIH entre los inmigrantes latinos que nunca se han hecho la prueba. Deben desarrollarse intervenciones efectivas para abordar esta renuencia.
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页码:1301 / 1313
页数:13
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