Unbalanced signed graphs with eigenvalue properties

被引:1
|
作者
Ismail, Rashad [1 ]
Hameed, Saira [2 ]
Ahmad, Uzma [2 ]
Majeed, Khadija [2 ]
Javaid, Muhammad [3 ]
机构
[1] King Khalid Univ, Fac Sci & Arts, Dept Math, Muhayl Assir 61913, Saudi Arabia
[2] Univ Punjab, Dept Math, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
[3] Univ Management & Technol, Sch Sci, Dept Math, Lahore, Pakistan
来源
AIMS MATHEMATICS | 2023年 / 8卷 / 10期
关键词
signed graph (S.G); bipartite graph; non bipartite graph; adjacency matrix; the symmetric eigenvalue property; the strong reciprocal eigenvalue property of graph (the property (SR)); the strong anti-reciprocal eigenvalue property of graph (the property (-SR)); balanced and unbalanced signed graph;
D O I
10.3934/math.20231262
中图分类号
O29 [应用数学];
学科分类号
070104 ;
摘要
For a signature function Psi : E(H) -> {+/- 1} with underlying graph H, a signed graph (S.G) (H) over cap = (H,Psi) is a graph in which edges are assigned the signs using the signature function Psi. An S.G (H) over cap is said to fulfill the symmetric eigenvalue property if for every eigenvalue (h) over cap((H) over cap) of (H) over cap, - (h) over cap((H) over cap) is also an eigenvalue of (H) over cap. A non singular S.G (H) over cap is said to fulfill the property (SR) if for every eigenvalue (h) over cap((H) over cap) of (H) over cap, its reciprocal is also an eigenvalue of (H) over cap (with multiplicity as that of (h) over cap((H) over cap)). A non singular S.G (H) over cap is said to fulfill the property (-SR) if for every eigenvalue (h) over cap((H) over cap) of (H) over cap, its negative reciprocal is also an eigenvalue of (H) over cap (with multiplicity as that of (h) over cap ((H) over cap)). In this article, non bipartite unbalanced S.Gs C-3((m,1)) and C-5((m,2)), where m is even positive integer have been constructed and it has been shown that these graphs fulfill the symmetric eigenvalue property, the S.Gs C-3((m,1)) also fulfill the properties (-SR) and (SR), whereas the S.Gs C-5((m,2)) are close to fulfill the properties (-SR) and (SR).
引用
收藏
页码:24751 / 24763
页数:13
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