Advances in wetland hydrology: the Canadian contribution over 75 years

被引:2
|
作者
Price, Jonathan S. [1 ]
Sutton, Owen F. [1 ]
McCarter, Colin P. R. [2 ,3 ]
Quinton, William L. [4 ]
Waddington, James M. [5 ]
Whittington, Pete N. [6 ]
Strack, Maria [1 ]
Petrone, Rich M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Waterloo, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Waterloo, ON, Canada
[2] Nipissing Univ, Dept Geog, North Bay, ON, Canada
[3] Nipissing Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, North Bay, ON, Canada
[4] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Geog & Environm Studies, Waterloo, ON, Canada
[5] McMaster Univ, Sch Earth Environm & Soc, Hamilton, ON, Canada
[6] Brandon Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Brandon, MB, Canada
关键词
Wetland; peatland; hydrology; vadose zone; solute transport; biogeochemistry; ground-ice; restoration; reclamation; modelling; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; UNSATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; OIL SANDS REGION; SURFACE-WATER INTERACTIONS; WESTERN BOREAL PLAIN; FOREST-PEATLAND COMPLEX; SUBARCTIC COASTAL MARSH; ECOSYSTEM CO2 EXCHANGE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SUB-ARCTIC WETLAND;
D O I
10.1080/07011784.2023.2269137
中图分类号
TV21 [水资源调查与水利规划];
学科分类号
081501 ;
摘要
Wetlands are an integral part of the Canadian landscape, providing crucial ecohydrological services with globally significant benefits. Over the past 75 years, Canadian scientists have emerged as international leaders in wetland hydrological research, contributing to a better understanding of wetland form and function. Early Canadian research was instrumental in the development of a classification scheme that provided a foundation for later investigations into vadose zone processes, solute transport, evapotranspiration, ground-ice dynamics, biogeochemical cycling, and modelling. This work has coalesced into a better understanding of the factors that contribute to wetland presence and persistence on the landscape, and the internal processes that result in their unique functions of carbon sequestration, water storage, flood mitigation, water quality enhancement, and wildlife habitat. In Canada and across the world, wetlands are threatened at a range of scales and intensities by disturbances like climate change, resource extraction, wildfire, altered land use, and contamination. In response, Canadian researchers have become global leaders in characterizing the impacts of disturbance on wetland function and been at the forefront of innovative restoration and reclamation techniques. As the value of wetlandisre increasingly acknowledged by stakeholders and decision-makers, the need for evidence-based wetland research will only continue to grow. Canadian scientists are well-positioned to lead wetland hydrology into the next 75 years.Les milieux humides font partie integrante du paysage canadien, offrant des services ecohydrologiques essentiels avec des avantages d'importance mondiale. Au cours des 75 dernieres annees, les chercheurs canadiens se sont imposes comme des leaders internationaux dans la recherche hydrologique sur les milieux humides, contribuant a une meilleure comprehension de leur forme et de leur fonction. Les premieres recherches canadiennes ont joue un role cle dans l'elaboration d'un systeme de classification qui a servi de fondement a des etudes ulterieures sur les processus de la zone non saturee, le transport des solutes, l'evapotranspiration, la dynamique de la glace du sol, le cycle biogeochimique et la modelisation. Ces travaux ont mene a une meilleure comprehension des facteurs qui contribuent a la presence et a la durabilite des milieux humides dans le paysage, les processus internes qui donnent lieu a leurs fonctions uniques de sequestration du carbone, de stockage de l'eau, de mitigation des inondations, d'amelioration de la qualite de l'eau, et d'habitats fauniques. Au Canada et partout dans le monde, les milieux humides sont menaces a diverses echelles et intensites par des perturbations telles que le changement climatique, l'extraction de ressources, les feux de foret, l'utilisation des terres modifiee et la contamination. En reponse, les chercheurs canadiens sont devenus des leaders mondiaux dans la caracterisation des impacts des perturbations sur la fonction des milieux humides et ont ete a l'avant-garde de techniques innovantes de restauration et de remise en etat. A mesure que la valeur des milieux humides est de plus en plus reconnue par les parties prenantes et les decideurs, le besoin de recherche sur les milieux humides basee sur des preuves ne fera que croitre. Les chercheurs canadiens sont bien positionnes pour continuer a diriger la recherche en hydrologie des milieux humides au cours des 75 prochaines annees.
引用
收藏
页码:379 / 427
页数:49
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