Under solvothermal conditions, a series of new uranyl coordination polymers based on 2-nitroterephthalic acid (H(2)ntp) and additional auxiliary ligands were successfully synthesized, which can be denoted as (UO2)(ntp)(dm-phen) (1), (Hphen)(2)center dot[(UO2)(ntp)(1.5)](2) (2), (Hphen)(2)center dot[(UO2)(2)(ntp)(3)]center dot(H2O)(2) (3), and (Hphen)(2)center dot[(UO2)(2)(ntp)(2.5)](2)center dot(H2O)(2) (4) (dm-phen = 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, phen = 4,7-phenan-throline). The characteristics of as-prepared compounds were revealed by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy and luminescent measurement. Furthermore, Compound 2 presents excellent sensitivity and selectivity to sense vitamin B-5 (VB5) and Cr2O72- anion as a dual-functional luminescent sensor in aqueous solution. 2 is the first turn-on luminescent sensor for detecting VB5 with a low detection limit (LOD) of 1.39 mu M, and the experimental detection range was 10-90 mu M. In addition, in the linear range of 50-450 mu M, 2 also exhibits obvious luminescence quenching effect for Cr(2)O(7)(2-)anion with the LOD value of 7.27 mu M. This work possesses potential application in detecting VB5 in newborn calf serum and Cr2O72- in river water samples.