Since the financial crisis in Asia in 1997, China’s social security system has undergone continual reform and readjustment, and has proved to be an integral part of government efforts to perfect the socialist market economy as well as in building a socialist harmonious society. Although social security construction has achieved certain results, it has also left a lot of problems. With the rapid growth of China’s economy and revenue, people from all walks of life are putting ever-increasing demands on the social security system; therefore, the construction of a sound social security system suited to China’s current situation still remains an arduous task. In this article, the author have reviewed the 10 years development of China’s social security system, analyzed problems and challenges and proposed its suggestions.