High-frequency magnetic stimulation attenuates beta-amyloid protein 1-42 neurotoxicity in organotypic hippocampal slices

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been utilized as a therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease.However,the precise mechanisms of its clinical effects remain unknown.β-amyloid (Aβ) exhibits direct neurotoxic effects and is closely related to neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,it has been hypothesized that the neuroprotective effects of rTMS are related to the mechanisms of protection against Aβ neurotoxicity.Organotypic hippocampal slices were prepared from 8-day old,Sprague Dawley rats.The tissue slices were exposed to 100 μmol/L Aβ1-42 since day 12 in vitro with and without high-frequency (20 Hz) magnetic stimulation.Magnetic stimulation efficacy was evaluated by measuring neuronal nuclei (NeuN) protein expression and by observing cultures following propidium iodide fluorescence staining and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry.Lactate dehydrogenase activity was detected in the culture media to evaluate hippocampal neuronal damage.Our results demonstrated that high-frequency magnetic stimulation significantly reversed the reduction of NeuN protein expression because of Aβ1-42 exposure (P < 0.05) and significantly reduced the number of damaged cells in the hippocampal slices (P < 0.05).However,lactate dehydrogenase levels and anti-BrdU staining results did not reveal any statistical differences.These findings indicate that high-frequency magnetic stimulation might have protective effect on hippocampal neurons from Aβ1-42 neurotoxicity.