Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Exercise in Hypoxia and Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diet in Managing Hypertension in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Novel Intervention Approach

被引:0
|
作者
Kindlovits, Raquel [1 ]
Sousa, Ana Catarina [2 ]
Viana, Joao Luis [2 ]
Milheiro, Jaime [3 ,4 ]
Oliveira, Bruno M. P. M. [1 ,5 ]
Marques, Franklim [6 ]
Santos, Alejandro [1 ,7 ]
Teixeira, Vitor Hugo [1 ,8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Porto, Fac Nutr & Food Sci FCNAUP, P-4200465 Porto, Portugal
[2] Univ Maia, Res Ctr Sports Sci Hlth Sci & Human Dev CIDESD, P-4475690 Maia, Portugal
[3] Exercise Med Ctr Lab CMEP, P-4150044 Porto, Portugal
[4] Univ Porto, Fac Sport, Ctr Res Educ Innovat & Intervent Sport CIFI2D, P-4200540 Porto, Portugal
[5] Inst Syst & Comp Engn Technol & Sci, INESC TEC, Lab Artificial Intelligence & Decis Support, LIAAD, P-4200465 Porto, Portugal
[6] Univ Porto, Fac Pharm, REQUIMTE, Dept Biol Sci,Lab Biochem,UCIBIO, P-4050313 Porto, Portugal
[7] Inst Res & Innovat Hlth I3S, P-4200135 Porto, Portugal
[8] Univ Porto, Fac Sports FADEUP, Res Ctr Phys Act Hlth & Leisure CIAFEL, P-4200540 Porto, Portugal
[9] Lab Integrat & Translat Res Populat Hlth ITR, P-4050600 Porto, Portugal
关键词
hemoglobin; blood pressure; normobaric hypoxia; carbohydrates; exercise; diabetes; elderly; RED-BLOOD-CELL; INTERMITTENT HYPOXIA; POSITION STATEMENT; NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA; HEMOGLOBIN MASS; ADULTS; PRESSURE; ALTITUDE; OBESE; PRESCRIPTION;
D O I
10.3390/nu17030522
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition marked by hyperglycemia, which can affect metabolic, vascular, and hematological parameters. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet has been shown to improve glycemic control and blood pressure regulation. Exercise in hypoxia (EH) enhances insulin sensitivity, erythropoiesis, and angiogenesis. The combination of LCHF and EH may offer a promising strategy for managing T2DM and hypertension (HTN), although evidence remains limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of an eight-week normobaric EH intervention at 3000 m simulated altitude combined with an LCHF diet on hematological and lipid profiles, inflammation, and blood pressure in older patients with T2DM and HTN. Methods: Forty-two diabetic patients with HTN were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) control group (control diet + exercise in normoxia), (2) EH group (control diet + EH), and (3) intervention group (EH+LCHF) Baseline and eight-week measurements included systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure (SBP, DBP, MAP), hematological and lipid profiles, and inflammation biomarkers. Results: Blood pressure decreased after the intervention (p < 0.001), with no significant differences between groups (SBP: p = 0.151; DBP: p = 0.124; MAP: p = 0.18). No differences were observed in lipid profile or C-reactive protein levels (p > 0.05). Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) increased in the EH group (p = 0.027), while it decreased in the EH+LCHF group (p = 0.046). Conclusions: Adding hypoxia or restricting carbohydrates did not provide additional benefits on blood pressure in T2DM patients with HTN. Further elucidation of the mechanisms underlying hematological adaptations is imperative.
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页数:15
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