Review on application of silk fibroin hydrogels in the management of wound healing

Wounds are regarded as disruptions in the integrity of human skin tissues, and the process of wound healing is often characterized as protracted and complex, primarily due to the potential infection or inflammation caused by microorganisms. The quest for innovative solutions that accelerate wound healing while prioritizing patient safety and comfort has emerged as a focal point. Within this pursuit, silkworm silk fibroin-a natural polymer extracted from silk cocoons-exhibits a distinctive combination of properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, superior mechanical strength, water absorption, and low immunogenicity, which align closely with the demands of contemporary wound care. Its remarkable biocompatibility facilitates seamless integration with host tissues, thereby minimizing the risk of rejection or adverse reactions. Furthermore, its intrinsic degradability permits controlled release of therapeutic agents, promoting an optimal microenvironment conducive to healing. This review investigates the multifaceted potential of silk fibroin specifically as a wound dressing material and examines the intricate nuances associated with its application in hydrogels for wound healing, aiming to furnish a thorough overview for both researchers and clinicians. By scrutinizing underlying mechanisms, current applications, and prospective directions, we aspire to cultivate new insights and inspire innovative strategies within this rapidly evolving field.