Electrode and Electrolyte Design Strategies Toward Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries

Fast-charging lithium-ion batteries are pivotal in overcoming the limitations of energy storage devices, particularly their energy density. There is a burgeoning interest in boosting energy storage performance through enhanced fast-charging capabilities. However, the challenge lies in developing batteries that combine high rates, long cycle life, high capacity, and safety. This review emphasizes the importance of fundamentals and design principles of fast charging, identifying the transport of ion/electron within the electrodes/electrolytes' bulk phase and at phase boundaries as the crucial rate-limiting steps for fast charging. Such as ion transport tunnel regulation, interfacial modification, defect engineering and multiphase systems, various optimization strategies improve the stable and exceptional electrochemical reaction kinetics for electrodes. Constructing stable solid electrolyte interfaces and adjusting solvation structures further enhance the Li+ diffusion kinetics of electrolytes. The review critically assesses the impacts and limitations of these strategies, suggesting future research directions and insights for advancing fast-charging lithium-ion batteries. It is anticipated that this review will inspire and guide the systematic evolution of fast-charging technologies. This review emphasizes the importance of fast-charging fundamentals and design principles and provides a comprehensive overview of optimization strategies concerning electrodes and electrolytes, including ion transport tunnels, interfacial modification, defect engineering, multiphase systems, stable solid electrolyte interphase, and solvation structures. The review critically assesses the impacts and limitations of these strategies, suggesting future research directions and insights for advancing fast-charging batteries. image